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Quantified Strategy
Decreased uncertainty, improved decisions
Global Advisors is a leader in defining quantified strategies, decreasing uncertainty, improving decisions and achieving measureable results.
We specialise in providing highly-analytical data-driven recommendations in the face of significant uncertainty.
We utilise advanced predictive analytics to build robust strategies and enable our clients to make calculated decisions.
We support implementation of adaptive capability and capacity.
Our latest
Thoughts
Global Advisors’ Thoughts: Is insecurity behind that dysfunction?
By Marc Wilson
Marc is a partner at Global Advisors and based in Johannesburg, South Africa
Download this article at http://www.globaladvisors.biz/inc-feed/20170907/thoughts-is-insecurity-behind-that-dysfunction
We tend to characterise insecurity as what we see in overtly fragile, shy and awkward people. We think that their insecurity presents as lack of confidence. And often we associate it with under-achievement.
Sometimes we might be aware that insecurities can lie behind the -ias, -isms and the phobias. Body dysmorphia? Insecurity about attractiveness. Racism? Often the need to find security by claiming superiority, belonging to group with power, a group you understand and whose acceptance you want. Homophobia? Often insecurity about one’s own sexuality or masculinity / feminity.
So it is often counter-intuitive when we discover that often behind incredible success lies – insecurity! In fact, an article I once read described the successful elite of strategy consulting firms as typically “insecure over-achievers.”
Insecurity must be one of the most misunderstood drivers of dysfunction. Instead we see its related symptoms and react to those. “That woman is so overbearing. That guy is so aggressive! That girl is so self-absorbed. That guy is so competitive.” Even, “That guy is so arrogant.”
How is it that someone we might perceive as competitive, arrogant or overconfident might be insecure? Sometimes people overcompensate to hide a weakness or insecurity. Sometimes in an effort to avoid feeling defensive of a perceived shortcoming, they might go on the offensive – telling people they are the opposite or even faking security.
Do we even know what insecurity is? The very need to…
Read the rest of “Power, Control and Space” at http://www.globaladvisors.biz/inc-feed/20170907/thoughts-is-insecurity-behind-that-dysfunction
Strategy Tools
Strategy tools: Effective transfer pricing
So much has been written about transfer pricing. Yet it remains a bone of contention in almost every organisation. Transfer pricing is not merely a rational challenge – it often raises the emotions of internal service users and providers who argue regarding scope, quality, price and value.
We have found that effective transfer pricing relies on some fairly simple best practices and critical success factors.
Many organisations recover costs as a regular ‘below-the-line’ deduction from operating division income statements. In our experience, charge out is almost always preferable. This results in internal value judgements and negotiation regarding delivery happening closer to time of use.
We have typically seen that the realisation that internal pricing plays this role and the consequences of poor implementation are not well understood.
Results of poor transfer pricing implementation
Sub-optimal economic use decisions
Where costs / prices are higher than they should be, buyers pass this on as an inflated cost to their customers, experience margin squeeze, or utilise less of the service than they might have.
Strategically this can lead to incorrect decisions regarding the provision of services to the market and loss of market share.
Where costs / prices are lower than they should be, this can lead to overuse of a product or service and poor cost recovery from external customers.
Strategically this can result in the over promotion and sales of products and services that are achieving lower margins than thought, or that might even be making losses.
Sub-optimal investment and resourcing decisions
Incorrect pricing can lead to over- or under-investment in capacity and product or service quality. Further, the resourcing decisions will be incorrect should the price signal to the supplier be incorrect.
Political and emotional argument
Where buyers are unable to obtain assurance that an internal price is correct, there is typically resentment regarding the cost of the internal product and service and the sheltered position employees of the internal service provider occupy – in the buyer’s eyes free from commercial pressures.
Buyers and suppliers typically also argue regarding the quality of the service or product relative to the price paid.
Suppliers may react to criticism claiming their product or service is strategic in nature and refute its availability in the external markets.
Poor product / service quality
Poor price signals will result in lack of comparable product and service quality benchmarks. This can result in ‘gold-plating’ or poor-quality product and service provision.
Read more at https://globaladvisors.biz/2021/01/06/strategy-tools-effective-transfer-pricing/
Fast Facts
Fast Fact: The rate of technology adoption exploded in the 1990s
The 1990s were an inflection point in the adoption of new technologies. While radio showed fast adoption in the 1920s, new technologies introduced post 2010 had reached penetrations of more than 30% of the United States population within 3 years from launch. PCs...
Selected News
Quote: Andre Karpathy
“I’ve never felt this much behind as a programmer. The profession is being dramatically refactored as the bits contributed by the programmer are increasingly sparse and between. I have a sense that I could be 10X more powerful.” – Andre Karpathy – AI guru
Andre Karpathy, a pioneering AI researcher, captures the profound disruption AI is bringing to programming in this quote: “I’ve never felt this much behind as a programmer. The profession is being dramatically refactored as the bits contributed by the programmer are increasingly sparse and between. I have a sense that I could be 10X more powerful.”1,2 Delivered amid his reflections on AI’s rapid evolution, it underscores his personal sense of urgency as tools like large language models (LLMs) redefine developers’ roles from code writers to orchestrators of intelligent systems.2
Context of the Quote
Karpathy shared this introspection as part of his broader commentary on the programming profession’s transformation, likely tied to his June 17, 2025, keynote at AI Startup School in San Francisco titled “Software Is Changing (Again).”4 In it, he outlined Software 3.0—a paradigm where LLMs enable natural language as the primary programming interface, allowing AI to generate code, design systems, and even self-improve with minimal human input.1,4,5 The quote reflects his firsthand experience: traditional Software 1.0 (handwritten code) and Software 2.0 (neural networks trained on data) are giving way to 3.0, where programmers contribute “sparse” high-level guidance amid AI-generated code, evoking a feeling of both lag and untapped potential.1,2 He likens developers to “virtual managers” overseeing AI collaborators, focusing on architecture, decomposition, and ethics rather than syntax.2 This shift mirrors historical leaps—like from machine code to high-level languages—but accelerates via tools like GitHub Copilot, making elite programmers those who master prompt engineering and human-AI loops.2,4
Backstory on Andre Karpathy
Born in Slovakia and raised in Canada, Andrej Karpathy earned his PhD in computer vision at Stanford University, where he architected and led CS231n, the first deep learning course there, now one of Stanford’s most popular.3 A founding member of OpenAI, he advanced generative models and reinforcement learning. At Tesla (2017–2022), as Senior Director of AI, he led Autopilot vision, data labeling, neural net training, and deployment on custom inference chips, pushing toward Full Self-Driving.3,4 Briefly involved in Tesla Optimus, he left to found Eureka Labs, modernizing education with AI.3 Known as an “AI guru” for viral lectures like “The spelled-out intro to neural networks” and zero-to-hero LLM courses, Karpathy embodies the transition to Software 3.0, having deleted C++ code in favor of growing neural nets at Tesla.3,4
Leading Theorists on Software Paradigms and AI-Driven Programming
Karpathy’s framework builds on foundational ideas from deep learning pioneers. Key figures include:
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Yann LeCun, Yoshua Bengio, and Geoffrey Hinton (the “Godfathers of AI”): Their 2010s work on deep neural networks birthed Software 2.0, where optimization on massive datasets replaces explicit programming. LeCun (Meta AI chief) pioneered convolutional nets; Bengio advanced sequence models; Hinton coined “backpropagation.” Their Turing Awards (2018) validated data-driven learning, enabling Karpathy’s Tesla-scale deployments.1
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Ian Goodfellow (GAN inventor, 2014): His Generative Adversarial Networks prefigured Software 3.0’s generative capabilities, where AI creates code and data autonomously, blurring human-AI creation boundaries.1
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Andrej Karpathy himself: Extends these into Software 3.0, emphasizing recursive self-improvement (AI writing AI) and “vibe coding” via natural language, as in his 2025 talks.1,4
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Related influencers: Fei-Fei Li (Stanford, co-creator of ImageNet) scaled vision datasets fueling Software 2.0; Ilya Sutskever (OpenAI co-founder) drove LLMs like GPT, powering 3.0’s code synthesis.3
This evolution demands programmers adapt: curricula must prioritize AI collaboration over syntax, with humans excelling in judgment and oversight amid accelerating abstraction.1,2
References
1. https://inferencebysequoia.substack.com/p/andrej-karpathys-software-30-and
2. https://ytosko.dev/blog/andrej-karpathy-reflects-on-ais-impact-on-programming-profession
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LCEmiRjPEtQ
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